arduous的音標為：[?ɑ?dj??s] ，中文翻譯為“艱苦的”。

速記技巧：ard-u-ous，其中ard是前綴，表示困難、費勁，u-ous是后綴，表示形容詞的。整體記憶中可以聯想為“困難的東西很多”。

Arduous這個詞源自拉丁語，意為“困難的，費力的”。其詞根“arduus”表示“困難，艱難”。它的變化形式包括其過去式和過去分詞形式“ardus”以及其現在分詞形式“arduous”。相關單詞包括：ardent（熱情的），ardency（熱心），ardentness（熱忱），arduous（費力的），difficult（困難的），tremendous（巨大的），excruciating（痛苦的），strenuous（努力的），laborious（費力的）和difficulty（困難）。

Arduous這個詞描繪的是一種艱難、費力的狀態，它常用于形容那些需要付出巨大努力或承受巨大壓力的任務或情況。這個詞強調了人們在面對挑戰時所需要付出的艱辛和毅力，也鼓勵我們在面對困難時要有堅韌不拔的精神。

常用短語：

1. arduous task

2. toil and struggle

3. a tough job

4. a hard nut to crack

5. a long and difficult process

6. toil away

7. toil and toil but never reach the goal

雙語例句：

1. We are facing an arduous task of building a new industrial base.

2. They toiled away at their studies day and night to prepare for the exam.

3. The research process was a long and arduous one.

4. They struggled against all odds to reach their goal.

5. It"s a tough job to manage a business in this competitive market.

6. We must never give up, no matter how arduous the task may seem.

7. The journey was a combination of hard work and perseverance, with many obstacles to overcome along the way.

英文小作文：

Life is full of challenges and difficulties, but it"s also what makes it worth living. We face arduous tasks every day, whether it"s working hard to achieve our goals, or overcoming obstacles in our path. However, it"s through these challenges that we grow and learn, becoming stronger and more resilient individuals. It"s important to remember that success doesn"t come easily, but through hard work and dedication. So, when faced with an arduous task, don"t give up easily, but instead, use it as an opportunity to prove yourself and grow as a person.