demerit 的音標(biāo)是[d??m??r?t]，意思是缺點(diǎn)；過失。

基本翻譯為“缺點(diǎn)”時(shí)，可以結(jié)合其音標(biāo)進(jìn)行記憶。de-表示“否定”，所以demerit可以拆分為“否定-優(yōu)點(diǎn)”即為“缺點(diǎn)”。同時(shí)，它也可以理解為“不值得稱贊”，即“沒有優(yōu)點(diǎn)”。通過這樣的拆分和聯(lián)想，可以更有效地記住它的發(fā)音和含義。

此外，還可以通過對(duì)比記憶來加強(qiáng)記憶。例如，可以與同義詞merit進(jìn)行對(duì)比，merit意為“優(yōu)點(diǎn)；長(zhǎng)處”，通過對(duì)比可以幫助理解兩個(gè)詞的區(qū)別，從而更好地記憶。

Demerit這個(gè)詞源自拉丁語“demerere”，意思是“應(yīng)受責(zé)備的”。它的變化形式包括過去式“demeritis”，過去分詞“demeritum”和現(xiàn)在分詞“demeriting”。

相關(guān)單詞：

1. Deterrent：作為形容詞，它意為“威懾的，阻止的”，其詞源與demerit有相似之處，都與“應(yīng)受責(zé)備”有關(guān)。Deterrent最早出現(xiàn)在英語中是在法律語境下，用來形容對(duì)犯罪行為的懲罰，旨在阻止犯罪的發(fā)生。

2. Dishonesty：意為“不誠(chéng)實(shí)，不誠(chéng)實(shí)的行為”，這個(gè)詞是由dis（否定）+ honesty（誠(chéng)實(shí)）構(gòu)成的。它反映了與demerit相關(guān)的對(duì)誠(chéng)實(shí)和道德的否定評(píng)價(jià)。

3. Penalty：意為“處罰，懲罰”，這個(gè)詞源于中世紀(jì)英語，最初是指對(duì)犯人施加的肉刑。這個(gè)詞與demerit一樣，都與對(duì)行為的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)有關(guān)。

4. Reproach：意為“責(zé)備，譴責(zé)”，這個(gè)詞源于古英語，表示因行為不當(dāng)而受到的指責(zé)。它與demerit一樣，都表示對(duì)行為的批評(píng)和責(zé)備。

5. Fault：意為“過失，錯(cuò)誤”，這個(gè)詞源于古英語，表示因疏忽或失誤而犯下的錯(cuò)誤。它與demerit一樣，都表示對(duì)行為的輕微錯(cuò)誤或過失的評(píng)價(jià)。

6. Faultfinding：意為“找錯(cuò)，挑剔”，這個(gè)詞由fault（錯(cuò)誤）+ finding（發(fā)現(xiàn)）構(gòu)成，表示尋找和發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的行為。它反映了與demerit相關(guān)的對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)注和挑剔。

7. Blame：意為“責(zé)備，責(zé)怪”，這個(gè)詞源于古英語，表示因行為不當(dāng)而受到的指責(zé)和批評(píng)。它與demerit在語義上有一定的關(guān)聯(lián)性。

8. Recklessness：意為“輕率，不顧后果”，這個(gè)詞由reckless（不顧慮的）+ ness（性質(zhì)）構(gòu)成。它反映了與demerit相關(guān)的對(duì)行為的魯莽和不負(fù)責(zé)任的評(píng)價(jià)。

9. Puniement：在古代法語中，puniement（處罰）這個(gè)詞是由puni（處罰）構(gòu)成的。它反映了與demerit相關(guān)的懲罰概念。

10. Discredit：意為“失去信譽(yù)”，這個(gè)詞由dis（否定）+ credit（信譽(yù)）構(gòu)成。它反映了與demerit相關(guān)的對(duì)信譽(yù)的否定評(píng)價(jià)。

常用短語：

1. in addition

2. on the contrary

3. as a result

4. in a nutshell

5. at the same time

6. in essence

7. as a matter of fact

雙語例句：

1. In addition, smoking can increase your risk of lung cancer.

2. On the contrary, exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight.

3. As a result of poor diet, she developed high blood pressure.

4. In a nutshell, reading is an effective way to improve language skills.

5. At the same time, we must remember to prioritize our health.

6. In essence, success is determined by our ability to persevere.

7. As a matter of fact, failure is often the best teacher.

英文小作文：

The importance of balance in life

Life is full of choices and decisions, and it"s important to strike a balance between various aspects such as work, family, friends, and self-care. In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, it"s essential to prioritize our health and well-being while still allowing for some leisure time and fun activities. On the one hand, we need to prioritize our responsibilities towards others, whether it"s working, taking care of the home, or being there for friends and family. On the other hand, we need to take care of ourselves in order to be able to handle all these responsibilities effectively and efficiently. In this way, we can maintain a healthy balance in our lives and avoid burnout and stress. However, achieving balance isn"t always easy, especially when we"re facing numerous responsibilities and demands from various sources. Nevertheless, it"s worthwhile to make an effort to strike a balance between all these aspects in order to live a fulfilling and happy life.